Computer Crimes
Computer Crimes
Cybercrimes or computer crimes are crimes related to information technology certain crimes like defamation. Cyber frauds, phreakers, hacking, pornography, viruses, cyberstalking violation of privacy copyright violation cracking etc. Are increasing in all the countries and it is bound to provide a new dimension of legal issues. Crime committed through computers and can be classified as-
- Some conventional crimes like defamation, forgery, harassment, fraud and some financial crimes committed with help of computers.
- Crimes committed on a computer network like hacking, denial of service.
- Crime relating to data alteration, destruction of data, theft of internet hours etc.
Types Of Computer Crimes
Phishing
It is an act of criminally and fraudently acquiring critical information,such as usernames, passwords and credit card details, by posing as a trustworthy website or through any other such electronic commnication i.e., email and instant messaging. The gullible people are lured or tricked in divulging their sensitive/identites i.e., usernames, passwords etc.
Cyber Stalking/Harassement
It is the repeated use of internet or other electronic communication to harass or frighten someone. This may be done over social media like facebook, twitter etc or over e-mails. If you are victimized so, imediately such instances should be reported to the police for necessary action.
Armored Virus
This virus (armored virus) is one that special tricks to make the tracing disassembling and understanding of its code more difficult. An example is the Whale Virus.
Cyber Stalking
It involves following a person’s movements across the internet by posting messages sometimes threatening on the bulletin boards frequented by the victim entering the chat-rooms frequented by the ictim constantly bombarding the victim with e-mails etc.
Data Diddling
This kind of an attack involves altering the raw data just before it is processed by a computer and then changing it back after the processing is completed. Electricity boards in India have been victims to data diddling programs inserted when private parties were computerizing their systems.
Cyber forgery and frauds
Forgery is a creation of documents that one knows is not genuine and yet projected the same as if it is genuine. Section 464 of IPC defines forgery as the making of a false document with intent to cause damage or injury to the public or any person
Web jacking
This occurs when someone forcefully takes control of a website by cracking the password and later changing it. The actual owner of the website does not have any more control over what appears on that website.
Viruses
A computer virus is a computer program that can infect other computer programs by modifying them in such a way as to include possibly evolved copy of it.
Unauthorized access to computer system or networks
This activity is commonly referred to as hacking. The Indian law has however ‘unauthorized access’ interchangeably with the term hacking.
Electronic Signature
An electronic signature (e-signature) is a digital representation of a person's agreement to the contents of a message, providing legal validity. Encrypted digital signatures offer enhanced security, and in many jurisdictions, they carry the same legal weight as traditional signatures.
Digital Evidence
Digital evidence refers to information stored or transmitted in digital form that is used in court cases, such as emails, photos, transaction logs, or GPS data. Courts assess its relevance, authenticity, hearsay, and whether original or copied evidence is required before accepting it.